PUB StatsPlus - Ed Kirkpatrick Player Page

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Ratings Changes
1972-09-12
Contact increased from 40 to 41
Gap Potential increased from 40 to 41
Gap increased from 40 to 41
Gap vs R increased from 42 to 43
Power Potential decreased from 59 to 57
Power decreased from 59 to 57
Power vs R decreased from 62 to 60
Power vs L decreased from 50 to 48
Eye Potential decreased from 53 to 51
Eye decreased from 52 to 50
Eye vs R decreased from 55 to 53
Eye vs L decreased from 42 to 41
Avoid Ks Potential increased from 74 to 76
Avoid Ks increased from 74 to 76
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 76 to 79
Avoid Ks vs L increased from 67 to 69
Sac Bunt decreased from 11 to 10
Movement Potential decreased from 12 to 11
Movement decreased from 12 to 10
Movement vs R decreased from 12 to 11
Movement vs L decreased from 12 to 10
1972-07-09
LF defense decreased from 1 to 0
1972-06-20
Contact Potential decreased from 42 to 41
Contact decreased from 42 to 40
Contact vs R decreased from 43 to 42
Contact vs L decreased from 37 to 36
Gap vs R decreased from 43 to 42
Power Potential increased from 58 to 59
Power increased from 58 to 59
Power vs R increased from 61 to 62
Power vs L increased from 49 to 50
Eye Potential increased from 52 to 53
Eye increased from 51 to 52
Eye vs R increased from 54 to 55
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 75 to 74
Avoid Ks decreased from 75 to 74
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 78 to 76
Avoid Ks vs L decreased from 68 to 67
Bunt for Hit increased from 11 to 12
Outfield Arm decreased from 32 to 31
1972-04-29
RF defense decreased from 3 to 2
1972-04-06
Gap vs R increased from 42 to 43
Eye Potential increased from 51 to 52
1972-04-02
Contact increased from 41 to 42
Eye Potential decreased from 53 to 51
Eye decreased from 52 to 51
Eye vs R decreased from 55 to 54
Eye vs L decreased from 43 to 42
Avoid Ks increased from 74 to 75
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 77 to 78
Avoid Ks vs L increased from 67 to 68
LF defense decreased from 2 to 1
Fastball Pot increased from 11 to 12
Fastball increased from 11 to 12
1972-03-18
Contact decreased from 42 to 41
Gap Potential increased from 39 to 40
Gap increased from 39 to 40
Gap vs R increased from 41 to 42
Gap vs L increased from 32 to 33
Power Potential decreased from 59 to 58
Power decreased from 59 to 58
Power vs R decreased from 62 to 61
Power vs L decreased from 50 to 49
Eye Potential increased from 52 to 53
Eye vs L increased from 42 to 43
RF defense increased from 2 to 3
Movement vs R decreased from 13 to 12
1972-03-15
Power vs L increased from 49 to 50
Eye Potential increased from 51 to 52
Eye increased from 51 to 52
Eye vs R increased from 54 to 55
Avoid Ks Potential increased from 74 to 75
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 76 to 77
Speed decreased from 60 to 59
Fastball Pot decreased from 12 to 11
Fastball decreased from 12 to 11
1972-03-08
Eye increased from 50 to 51
Eye vs R increased from 53 to 54
Eye vs L increased from 41 to 42
RF defense increased from 1 to 2
Fastball Pot increased from 11 to 12
Fastball increased from 11 to 12
1972-02-23
Contact Potential decreased from 44 to 42
Contact decreased from 44 to 42
Contact vs R decreased from 45 to 43
Contact vs L decreased from 39 to 37
Gap Potential decreased from 40 to 39
Gap decreased from 40 to 39
Gap vs R decreased from 42 to 41
Gap vs L decreased from 33 to 32
Power Potential increased from 58 to 59
Power increased from 58 to 59
Power vs R increased from 61 to 62
Eye Potential increased from 49 to 51
Eye increased from 48 to 50
Eye vs R increased from 51 to 53
Eye vs L increased from 40 to 41
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 77 to 74
Avoid Ks decreased from 77 to 74
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 79 to 76
Avoid Ks vs L decreased from 70 to 67
Outfield Error decreased from 36 to 35
Control Potential decreased from 7 to 5
Control decreased from 7 to 5
Control vs R decreased from 7 to 5
Control vs L decreased from 7 to 5
1972-01-13
Weight increased from 194 to 195
1971-11-25
Baserunning increased from 44 to 45
1971-11-01
National Popularity increased from Fair to Well Known
1971-09-23
RF defense increased from 0 to 1
1971-09-20
LF defense increased from 1 to 2
1971-09-17
LF defense decreased from 2 to 1
Weight decreased from 195 to 194
1971-08-19
Contact Potential decreased from 45 to 44
Contact decreased from 45 to 44
Contact vs R decreased from 47 to 45
Contact vs L decreased from 40 to 39
Gap vs R decreased from 43 to 42
Power increased from 57 to 58
Power vs R increased from 60 to 61
Power vs L increased from 48 to 49
Eye Potential increased from 48 to 49
Eye increased from 46 to 48
Eye vs R increased from 49 to 51
Eye vs L increased from 38 to 40
Sac Bunt decreased from 12 to 11
Control Potential increased from 5 to 7
Control increased from 5 to 7
Control vs R increased from 5 to 7
Control vs L increased from 5 to 7
Fastball Pot decreased from 12 to 11
Fastball decreased from 12 to 11
1971-06-18
Speed increased from 59 to 60
1971-06-15
LF defense decreased from 3 to 2
1971-05-04
Contact Potential decreased from 46 to 45
Contact decreased from 46 to 45
Contact vs R decreased from 48 to 47
Contact vs L decreased from 41 to 40
Outfield Range decreased from 37 to 36
Movement Potential decreased from 13 to 12
Movement decreased from 13 to 12
1971-04-24
Stealing increased from 96 to 97
Movement vs L decreased from 13 to 12
1971-04-08
Gap Potential decreased from 45 to 40
Gap decreased from 45 to 40
Gap vs R decreased from 48 to 43
Gap vs L decreased from 37 to 33
Power decreased from 58 to 57
Power vs R decreased from 61 to 60
Power vs L decreased from 49 to 48
Eye Potential decreased from 49 to 48
Eye decreased from 48 to 46
Eye vs R decreased from 51 to 49
Eye vs L decreased from 39 to 38
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 78 to 77
Avoid Ks decreased from 78 to 77
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 80 to 79
Sac Bunt increased from 10 to 12
Infield Range decreased from 11 to 10
Turn Double Play decreased from 9 to 8
Outfield Arm decreased from 33 to 32
Catcher Arm increased from 63 to 64
LF defense decreased from 4 to 3
Movement Potential decreased from 16 to 13
Movement decreased from 16 to 13
Movement vs R decreased from 16 to 13
Movement vs L decreased from 15 to 13
Control Potential decreased from 6 to 5
Control decreased from 6 to 5
Control vs R decreased from 6 to 5
Control vs L decreased from 6 to 5
Fastball Pot decreased from 13 to 12
Fastball decreased from 13 to 12
1971-03-16
Speed increased from 58 to 59
1971-01-08
Contact vs R increased from 46 to 48
Contact vs L decreased from 47 to 41
Gap Potential increased from 40 to 45
Gap increased from 40 to 45
Gap vs R increased from 43 to 48
Gap vs L increased from 33 to 37
Power Potential increased from 56 to 58
Power increased from 56 to 58
Power vs R increased from 59 to 61
Power vs L increased from 47 to 49
Eye Potential decreased from 51 to 49
Eye decreased from 51 to 48
Eye vs R decreased from 54 to 51
Eye vs L decreased from 42 to 39
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 82 to 78
Avoid Ks decreased from 82 to 78
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 85 to 80
Avoid Ks vs L decreased from 74 to 70
Sac Bunt decreased from 15 to 10
Bunt for Hit increased from 10 to 11
Speed decreased from 59 to 58
Infield Error decreased from 7 to 6
Infield Arm decreased from 8 to 4
Turn Double Play increased from 7 to 9
Outfield Range decreased from 40 to 37
Outfield Error decreased from 38 to 36
Outfield Arm decreased from 34 to 33
Catcher Ability decreased from 85 to 80
Catcher Arm decreased from 68 to 63
C defense decreased from 88 to 77
LF defense decreased from 5 to 4
Movement Potential decreased from 26 to 16
Movement decreased from 26 to 16
Movement vs R decreased from 27 to 16
Movement vs L decreased from 26 to 15
Control Potential decreased from 9 to 6
Control decreased from 9 to 6
Control vs R decreased from 9 to 6
Control vs L decreased from 9 to 6
Stamina decreased from 2 to 1
Hold decreased from 28 to 27
Fastball Pot increased from 10 to 13
Fastball increased from 10 to 13
Weight decreased from 197 to 195
Local Popularity increased from Insignificant to Well Known
National Popularity increased from Insignificant to Fair
1970-11-02
Speed increased from 58 to 59
Stealing increased from 95 to 96
1970-10-02
Speed increased from 57 to 58
Baserunning increased from 43 to 44
LF defense decreased from 6 to 5
Weight increased from 196 to 197
1970-08-07
Speed increased from 56 to 57
1970-07-12
Power vs R increased from 58 to 59
Sac Bunt increased from 14 to 15
Outfield Error decreased from 39 to 38
Outfield Arm decreased from 35 to 34
1970-06-29
Speed increased from 55 to 56
Baserunning increased from 42 to 43
1970-06-03
LF defense decreased from 7 to 6
1970-05-28
Speed increased from 54 to 55
1970-05-21
Speed decreased from 55 to 54
1970-04-22
Speed increased from 54 to 55
Weight increased from 195 to 196
1970-04-15
Stealing increased from 94 to 95
1970-04-06
LF defense decreased from 8 to 7
1970-03-05
Sac Bunt decreased from 16 to 14
Bunt for Hit decreased from 12 to 10
Outfield Range decreased from 42 to 40
Outfield Error decreased from 40 to 39
Outfield Arm decreased from 36 to 35
LF defense decreased from 9 to 8
Control Potential decreased from 10 to 9
Control decreased from 10 to 9
Control vs R decreased from 10 to 9
Control vs L decreased from 10 to 9
1970-01-18
Speed increased from 53 to 54
Baserunning increased from 41 to 42
1969-10-03
LF defense decreased from 10 to 9
1969-09-22
Stealing increased from 93 to 94
1969-08-04
Speed decreased from 54 to 53
1969-07-26
LF defense decreased from 11 to 10
1969-07-13
Contact Potential decreased from 47 to 46
Contact decreased from 47 to 46
Contact vs R decreased from 47 to 46
Power Potential decreased from 58 to 56
Power decreased from 58 to 56
Power vs R decreased from 61 to 58
Power vs L decreased from 49 to 47
Sac Bunt decreased from 17 to 16
Bunt for Hit increased from 11 to 12
Speed increased from 53 to 54
Movement Potential increased from 25 to 26
Movement increased from 25 to 26
Movement vs R increased from 25 to 27
Movement vs L increased from 24 to 26
Control Potential increased from 9 to 10
Control increased from 9 to 10
Control vs R increased from 9 to 10
Control vs L increased from 9 to 10
GB% increased from 46% to 48%
1969-06-14
Speed decreased from 54 to 53
Weight increased from 194 to 195
1969-05-29
Stealing increased from 92 to 93
1969-05-09
LF defense decreased from 12 to 11
1969-04-10
Contact Potential increased from 46 to 47
Contact increased from 46 to 47
Contact vs L increased from 41 to 47
Power Potential increased from 54 to 58
Power increased from 54 to 58
Power vs R increased from 57 to 61
Power vs L increased from 45 to 49
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 84 to 85
1969-04-04
Gap vs R increased from 42 to 43
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 85 to 84
Avoid Ks vs L decreased from 75 to 74
Sac Bunt increased from 16 to 17
Speed increased from 52 to 54
Stealing increased from 89 to 92
Outfield Range decreased from 43 to 42
Outfield Error decreased from 43 to 40
Outfield Arm decreased from 38 to 36
Catcher Ability decreased from 86 to 85
LF defense decreased from 14 to 12
Control Potential decreased from 10 to 9
Control decreased from 10 to 9
Control vs R decreased from 10 to 9
Control vs L decreased from 10 to 9
Weight increased from 193 to 194
1969-01-01
Speed increased from 51 to 52
Stealing increased from 88 to 89
Baserunning increased from 40 to 41
Outfield Error decreased from 44 to 43
LF defense decreased from 16 to 14
Movement Potential increased from 24 to 25
Movement increased from 24 to 25
Local Popularity decreased from Popular to Insignificant
National Popularity decreased from Fair to Insignificant
1968-07-01
Contact Potential increased from 45 to 46
Contact increased from 45 to 46
Contact vs L increased from 40 to 41
Gap Potential increased from 39 to 40
Gap increased from 39 to 40
Gap vs L increased from 32 to 33
Sac Bunt increased from 15 to 16
Bunt for Hit decreased from 12 to 11
Stealing increased from 83 to 88
Baserunning increased from 39 to 40
Infield Error decreased from 8 to 7
Outfield Range decreased from 44 to 43
Outfield Arm decreased from 39 to 38
Catcher Ability increased from 84 to 86
C defense increased from 87 to 88
LF defense increased from 14 to 16
Control Potential increased from 9 to 10
Control increased from 9 to 10
Control vs R increased from 9 to 10
Control vs L increased from 9 to 10
1968-01-01
Power vs L increased from 44 to 45
Stealing increased from 82 to 83
Baserunning increased from 38 to 39
Infield Error decreased from 9 to 8
Outfield Range decreased from 45 to 44
Outfield Arm decreased from 40 to 39
Catcher Ability increased from 83 to 84
Catcher Arm increased from 67 to 68
C defense increased from 86 to 87
LF defense decreased from 19 to 14
Local Popularity increased from Fair to Popular
1967-07-01
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 83 to 82
Avoid Ks decreased from 83 to 82
Sac Bunt increased from 14 to 15
Speed increased from 48 to 51
Stealing increased from 79 to 82
Baserunning increased from 36 to 38
Outfield Error decreased from 46 to 44
Outfield Arm decreased from 42 to 40
Catcher Ability increased from 80 to 83
Catcher Arm increased from 66 to 67
C defense increased from 82 to 86
LF defense decreased from 20 to 19
1967-01-01
Contact increased from 43 to 45
Contact vs R increased from 45 to 47
Contact vs L increased from 39 to 40
Power Potential increased from 52 to 54
Power increased from 35 to 54
Power vs R increased from 37 to 57
Power vs L increased from 29 to 44
Speed increased from 47 to 48
Stealing increased from 76 to 79
Baserunning increased from 33 to 36
Outfield Range decreased from 46 to 45
C defense increased from 80 to 82
LF defense decreased from 24 to 20
Local Popularity increased from Insignificant to Fair
National Popularity increased from Insignificant to Fair
1966-07-01
Contact vs R increased from 44 to 45
Contact vs L increased from 38 to 39
Gap vs R increased from 41 to 42
Power increased from 31 to 35
Power vs R increased from 33 to 37
Power vs L increased from 26 to 29
Speed decreased from 48 to 47
Stealing increased from 74 to 76
Baserunning increased from 31 to 33
Infield Error decreased from 10 to 9
Outfield Range decreased from 47 to 46
Outfield Error decreased from 47 to 46
Outfield Arm decreased from 43 to 42
Catcher Ability increased from 77 to 80
Catcher Arm increased from 65 to 66
C defense increased from 78 to 80
LF defense decreased from 25 to 24
Movement Potential decreased from 26 to 24
Movement decreased from 26 to 24
Movement vs R decreased from 26 to 25
Movement vs L decreased from 25 to 24
GB% decreased from 48% to 46%
1966-01-01
Contact Potential decreased from 48 to 45
Contact vs R decreased from 45 to 44
Contact vs L decreased from 39 to 38
Gap Potential increased from 38 to 39
Gap increased from 38 to 39
Gap vs R increased from 40 to 41
Gap vs L increased from 31 to 32
Power Potential decreased from 66 to 52
Power decreased from 45 to 31
Power vs R decreased from 48 to 33
Power vs L decreased from 37 to 26
Eye Potential decreased from 54 to 51
Eye decreased from 54 to 51
Eye vs R decreased from 57 to 54
Eye vs L decreased from 44 to 42
Sac Bunt increased from 13 to 14
Bunt for Hit decreased from 13 to 12
Speed increased from 46 to 48
Stealing increased from 73 to 74
Baserunning increased from 30 to 31
Infield Range increased from 7 to 11
Infield Error increased from 9 to 10
Infield Arm increased from 1 to 8
Turn Double Play increased from 4 to 7
Outfield Range increased from 44 to 47
Outfield Error increased from 45 to 47
Outfield Arm decreased from 49 to 43
Catcher Ability increased from 76 to 77
Catcher Arm increased from 63 to 65
C defense increased from 77 to 78
LF defense decreased from 29 to 25
Movement Potential decreased from 37 to 26
Movement increased from 19 to 26
Movement vs R increased from 20 to 26
Movement vs L increased from 19 to 25
Control Potential increased from 1 to 9
Control increased from 1 to 9
Control vs R increased from 1 to 9
Control vs L increased from 1 to 9
Stamina increased from 1 to 2
Fastball Pot decreased from 12 to 10
Weight decreased from 194 to 193
Local Popularity decreased from Well Known to Insignificant
National Popularity decreased from Fair to Insignificant
1965-07-01
Contact Potential decreased from 55 to 48
Contact increased from 39 to 43
Contact vs R increased from 41 to 45
Contact vs L increased from 35 to 39
Gap Potential increased from 32 to 38
Gap increased from 32 to 38
Gap vs R increased from 34 to 40
Gap vs L increased from 27 to 31
Power Potential decreased from 77 to 66
Power increased from 42 to 45
Power vs R increased from 41 to 48
Power vs L increased from 32 to 37
Eye Potential increased from 47 to 54
Eye increased from 46 to 54
Eye vs R increased from 49 to 57
Eye vs L increased from 38 to 44
Avoid Ks Potential increased from 80 to 83
Avoid Ks increased from 73 to 83
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 76 to 85
Avoid Ks vs L increased from 67 to 75
Sac Bunt increased from 9 to 13
Bunt for Hit increased from 12 to 13
Speed increased from 45 to 46
Stealing increased from 68 to 73
Baserunning increased from 27 to 30
Infield Range increased from 6 to 7
Infield Error increased from 5 to 9
Turn Double Play increased from 2 to 4
Outfield Range increased from 40 to 44
Outfield Arm decreased from 53 to 49
Catcher Arm increased from 58 to 63
C defense increased from 75 to 77
LF defense decreased from 31 to 29
Movement vs R increased from 19 to 20
Movement vs L increased from 18 to 19
Fastball Pot increased from 10 to 12
1965-01-01
Speed increased from 43 to 45
Stealing increased from 63 to 68
C defense increased from 74 to 75
LF defense decreased from 34 to 31
Hold increased from 25 to 28
Weight decreased from 195 to 194
Local Popularity decreased from Popular to Well Known
1964-07-01
Contact Potential decreased from 57 to 55
Contact vs R increased from 40 to 41
Gap Potential increased from 31 to 32
Gap increased from 31 to 32
Gap vs R increased from 33 to 34
Gap vs L increased from 26 to 27
Power Potential decreased from 81 to 77
Power increased from 39 to 42
Power vs R decreased from 42 to 41
Power vs L decreased from 33 to 32
Eye Potential increased from 46 to 47
Avoid Ks Potential increased from 78 to 80
Avoid Ks decreased from 74 to 73
Sac Bunt increased from 8 to 9
Bunt for Hit decreased from 14 to 12
Speed increased from 41 to 43
Stealing increased from 62 to 63
Baserunning increased from 26 to 27
Turn Double Play increased from 1 to 2
Outfield Range increased from 39 to 40
Outfield Error increased from 44 to 45
Outfield Arm decreased from 55 to 53
Catcher Arm increased from 57 to 58
C defense increased from 71 to 74
LF defense decreased from 36 to 34
Movement Potential decreased from 39 to 37
Movement decreased from 20 to 19
Movement vs R decreased from 21 to 19
Movement vs L decreased from 20 to 18
GB% decreased from 50% to 48%
Weight decreased from 196 to 195
1964-01-01
Contact Potential decreased from 60 to 57
Contact increased from 33 to 39
Contact vs R increased from 34 to 40
Contact vs L increased from 31 to 35
Gap Potential decreased from 47 to 31
Gap vs R increased from 32 to 33
Gap vs L increased from 25 to 26
Power Potential increased from 72 to 81
Power decreased from 40 to 39
Eye Potential increased from 43 to 46
Eye increased from 40 to 46
Eye vs R increased from 43 to 49
Eye vs L increased from 33 to 38
Avoid Ks increased from 59 to 74
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 61 to 76
Avoid Ks vs L increased from 54 to 67
Sac Bunt increased from 6 to 8
Bunt for Hit increased from 13 to 14
Speed increased from 40 to 41
Stealing increased from 60 to 62
Baserunning increased from 25 to 26
Outfield Range increased from 38 to 39
Outfield Error decreased from 45 to 44
Catcher Ability increased from 73 to 76
Catcher Arm increased from 55 to 57
C defense increased from 67 to 71
LF defense decreased from 40 to 36
Movement Potential increased from 23 to 39
Weight increased from 194 to 196
Local Popularity increased from Fair to Popular
1963-07-01
Contact Potential decreased from 80 to 60
Contact increased from 25 to 33
Contact vs R increased from 25 to 34
Contact vs L increased from 23 to 31
Gap Potential increased from 45 to 47
Gap increased from 27 to 31
Gap vs R increased from 29 to 32
Gap vs L increased from 22 to 25
Power Potential decreased from 77 to 72
Power decreased from 42 to 40
Power vs R decreased from 44 to 42
Power vs L decreased from 35 to 33
Eye Potential decreased from 58 to 43
Eye decreased from 41 to 40
Eye vs L decreased from 34 to 33
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 85 to 78
Avoid Ks increased from 52 to 59
Avoid Ks vs R increased from 53 to 61
Avoid Ks vs L increased from 47 to 54
Sac Bunt increased from 3 to 6
Bunt for Hit increased from 12 to 13
Speed increased from 39 to 40
Stealing increased from 59 to 60
Infield Range increased from 5 to 6
Infield Error increased from 4 to 5
Outfield Range increased from 35 to 38
Outfield Arm decreased from 57 to 55
Catcher Ability increased from 67 to 73
Catcher Arm increased from 48 to 55
C defense increased from 66 to 67
LF defense decreased from 43 to 40
Movement Potential decreased from 28 to 23
1963-01-01
Speed increased from 38 to 39
Stealing increased from 58 to 59
Baserunning increased from 24 to 25
C defense increased from 55 to 66
LF defense decreased from 45 to 43
1962-07-01
Contact Potential decreased from 87 to 80
Contact increased from 20 to 25
Contact vs R increased from 21 to 25
Contact vs L increased from 19 to 23
Gap Potential decreased from 61 to 45
Gap increased from 9 to 27
Gap vs R increased from 9 to 29
Gap vs L increased from 7 to 22
Power Potential decreased from 84 to 77
Power increased from 36 to 42
Power vs R increased from 38 to 44
Power vs L increased from 30 to 35
Eye Potential decreased from 61 to 58
Eye increased from 34 to 41
Eye vs R increased from 36 to 43
Eye vs L increased from 28 to 34
Avoid Ks Potential decreased from 90 to 85
Avoid Ks decreased from 55 to 52
Avoid Ks vs R decreased from 56 to 53
Avoid Ks vs L decreased from 50 to 47
Sac Bunt increased from 2 to 3
Bunt for Hit decreased from 13 to 12
Baserunning increased from 23 to 24
Infield Range increased from 4 to 5
Infield Error increased from 3 to 4
Outfield Range increased from 33 to 35
Outfield Error increased from 44 to 45
Outfield Arm decreased from 59 to 57
Catcher Ability increased from 62 to 67
Catcher Arm increased from 43 to 48
C defense increased from 49 to 55
LF defense decreased from 46 to 45
Movement Potential increased from 26 to 28
Weight decreased from 195 to 194
Local Popularity increased from Unknown to Fair
National Popularity increased from Unknown to Fair
1962-01-01
Speed increased from 35 to 38
Stealing increased from 56 to 58
C defense increased from 48 to 49
LF defense decreased from 48 to 46
1961-07-01
C defense increased from 46 to 48